1. 🏞️ The creation of Adam, peace be upon him, and his appreciation
Creation and lineage: Adam, peace be upon him, is the father of mankind. God Almighty created him directly with his own hands from clay (clay from aged silt - sticky clay), then shaped him and breathed into him from his spirit, so he was the first human. His lineage is not mentioned because he is the first human being.
His age: There is no accurate information about the date of his birth or death (in the modern human calendar). It is stated in the authentic hadith that God decreed a thousand years of life for him.
Telling the angels: God Almighty announced to the angels that He would place a caliph on earth, so the angels asked about the wisdom of creating one who causes corruption and sheds blood. God answered them: “Indeed, I know what you do not know” (Al-Baqarah: 30), confirming His knowledge of what is in it of interests and wisdom.
2. 🧠 Adam’s teaching and presentation to the angels
Teaching Names: God taught Adam all the names (the names of all things and their facts).
Preferring Adam: God commanded the angels to present these names to them, but they were unable to mention them. Then God commanded Adam to mention it, and thus Adam proved his scientific and cognitive superiority over the angels, and deserved the caliphate.
3. 🙏 The prostration of angels and the repentance of Satan
The command to prostrate: God commanded the angels to prostrate to Adam as a prostration of greeting and honor (not a prostration of worship).
Compliance of the angels: All the angels prostrated to God in obedience and to Adam in honor, with the exception of Iblis.
Disobedience to Satan: Satan refused to prostrate out of arrogance and envy, and said: “I am better than him. You created me from fire and you created him from clay” (p. 76).
Expulsion and curse: God cursed Satan and expelled him from Paradise, so Satan swore to tempt the descendants of Adam as long as they remained on the face of the earth.
4. 👩 The creation of Eve and her residence in Paradise
The creation of Eve: God created Eve to be a companion for Adam and his partner, from one of Adam’s ribs while he was sleeping, so that she would be a source of comfort and affection for him, and they would live together in Paradise.
Prohibition of trees: God permitted Adam and Eve to eat from all the fruits of Paradise except for one tree (he differed in determining its type), and warned them against eating from it lest they be among the wrongdoers.
5. 🐍 The whispering of Satan and the descent to earth. The whispering: Satan began to whisper to Adam and Eve, falsely swearing that this tree was the tree of eternity or the tree of kings, and that God had forbidden them from it lest they become among the angels. Eating from the tree: Adam forgot and was negligent in taking caution, and Eve responded to the whispering, so they ate from the tree. Result and repentance: Their private parts were exposed and they felt ashamed and began to deceive themselves. On them are the leaves of Paradise. God called them, then they repented and confessed their sin: “Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy on us, we will certainly be among the losers” (Al-A’raf: 23). So God accepted their repentance with His mercy. Descending to Earth: God commanded Adam and Eve (and Satan with them) to descend from Paradise to Earth, and made the Earth a place of rest and enjoyment for them for a while, and promised them guidance and a way to return to Him.
6. 🌍 Life on Earth and offspring
Place: The Holy Qur’an does not specify the place of their landing in detail. The narrations mention that they landed in two different places and then met (like Arafat in some narrations), and God knows best.
Adam's mission: Adam, peace be upon him, was the first prophet who received God's revelation and its obligations, and his mission was to succeed the earth, reform it, and direct his descendants to the worship of the One God.
Death and will: Adam, peace be upon him, lived for a thousand years according to what is known, and he died on earth. Before his death, he bequeathed his will to his son Seth, peace be upon him (according to the opinion of those who believed in his prophecy), and his descendants took care of his burial.
His descendants: Many children were born to Adam and Eve, including Cain and Abel. The incident of Cain killing his brother Abel was the first crime to occur on the face of the earth.